Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.
This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the
configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
the directives.
Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
what they do. They’re here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure
consult the online docs. You have been warned.
The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:
1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a
whole (the ‘global environment’).
2. Directives that define the parameters of the ‘main’ or ‘default’ server,
which responds to requests that aren’t handled by a virtual host.
These directives also provide default values for the settings
of all virtual hosts.
3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to
different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the
same Apache server process.
Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
of the server’s control files begin with “/” (or “drive:/” for Win32), the
server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do not begin
with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended – so "logs/foo.log"
with ServerRoot set to "/etc/httpd" will be interpreted by the
server as "/etc/httpd/logs/foo.log".
Section 1: Global Environment
The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,
such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it
can find its configuration files.
Don’t give away too much information about all the subcomponents
we are running. Comment out this line if you don’t mind remote sites
finding out what major optional modules you are running
ServerTokens OS
ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server’s
configuration, error, and log files are kept.
NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)
mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation
you will save yourself a lot of trouble.
Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"
ScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.
If unspecified (the default), the scoreboard will be stored in an
anonymous shared memory segment, and will be unavailable to third-party
applications.
If specified, ensure that no two invocations of Apache share the same
scoreboard file. The scoreboard file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK.
#ScoreBoardFile run/httpd.scoreboard
PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process
identification number when it starts.
PidFile run/httpd.pid
Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.
Timeout 300
KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than
one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.
KeepAlive Off
MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow
during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.
We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.
MaxKeepAliveRequests 100
KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the
same client on the same connection.
KeepAliveTimeout 15
Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific)
prefork MPM
StartServers: number of server processes to start
MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare
MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare
MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start
MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves
<IfModule prefork.c>
StartServers 8
MinSpareServers 5
MaxSpareServers 20
MaxClients 150
MaxRequestsPerChild 1000
</IfModule>
worker MPM
StartServers: initial number of server processes to start
MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections
MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare
MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare
ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process
MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves
<IfModule worker.c>
StartServers 2
MaxClients 150
MinSpareThreads 25
MaxSpareThreads 75
ThreadsPerChild 25
MaxRequestsPerChild 0
</IfModule>
perchild MPM
NumServers: constant number of server processes
StartThreads: initial number of worker threads in each server process
MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare
MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare
MaxThreadsPerChild: maximum number of worker threads in each server process
MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of connections per server process
<IfModule perchild.c>
NumServers 5
StartThreads 5
MinSpareThreads 5
MaxSpareThreads 10
MaxThreadsPerChild 20
MaxRequestsPerChild 0
</IfModule>
Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
ports, in addition to the default. See also the <VirtualHost>
directive.
Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to
prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses (0.0.0.0)
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
Listen 80
Load config files from the config directory "/etc/httpd/conf.d".
Include conf.d/*.conf
Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
have to place corresponding `LoadModule’ lines at this location so the
directives contained in it are actually available before they are used.
Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l’) do not need
to be loaded here.
Example:
LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
LoadModule access_module modules/mod_access.so
LoadModule auth_module modules/mod_auth.so
LoadModule auth_anon_module modules/mod_auth_anon.so
LoadModule auth_dbm_module modules/mod_auth_dbm.so
LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so
LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so
LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so
LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so
LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so
LoadModule cern_meta_module modules/mod_cern_meta.so
LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so
LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so
LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so
LoadModule unique_id_module modules/mod_unique_id.so
LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so
LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so
LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so
LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so
LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so
LoadModule asis_module modules/mod_asis.so
LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so
LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so
LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so
LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so
LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so
LoadModule imap_module modules/mod_imap.so
LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so
LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so
LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so
LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so
LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
<IfModule prefork.c>
LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so
</IfModule>
<IfModule worker.c>
LoadModule cgid_module modules/mod_cgid.so
</IfModule>
ExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" status
information (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatus
Off) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.
#ExtendedStatus On
Section 2: ‘Main’ server configuration
The directives in this section set up the values used by the ‘main’
server, which responds to any requests that aren’t handled by a
<VirtualHost> definition. These values also provide defaults for
any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.
All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,
in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
virtual host being defined.
If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
httpd as root initially and it will switch.
User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
. On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup".
. On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the
suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user.
NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)
when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;
don’t use Group #-1 on these systems!
User apache
Group apache
ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
ServerAdmin root@localhost
ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
If this is not set to valid DNS name for your host, server-generated
redirections will not work. See also the UseCanonicalName directive.
If your host doesn’t have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
You will have to access it by its address anyway, and this will make
redirections work in a sensible way.
#ServerName new.host.name:80
UseCanonicalName: Determines how Apache constructs self-referencing
URLs and the SERVER_NAME and SERVER_PORT variables.
When set "Off", Apache will use the Hostname and Port supplied
by the client. When set "On", Apache will use the value of the
ServerName directive.
UseCanonicalName Off
DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"
Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect
to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that
directory (and its subdirectories).
First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of
features.
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
particular features to be enabled - so if something’s not working as
you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
below.
This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.
<Directory "/var/www/html">
Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
or any combination of:
Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI Multiviews
Note that "MultiViews" must be named explicitly — "Options All"
doesn’t give it to you.
The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see
for more information.
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
AllowOverride None
Controls who can get stuff from this server.
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
Disable autoindex for the root directory, and present a
default Welcome page if no other index page is present.
<LocationMatch "^/+$">
Options -Indexes
ErrorDocument 403 /error/noindex.html
</LocationMatch>
UserDir: The name of the directory that is appended onto a user’s home
directory if a ~user request is received.
The path to the end user account ‘public_html’ directory must be
accessible to the webserver userid. This usually means that ~userid
must have permissions of 711, ~userid/public_html must have permissions
of 755, and documents contained therein must be world-readable.
Otherwise, the client will only receive a "403 Forbidden" message.
<IfModule mod_userdir.c>
#
# UserDir is disabled by default since it can confirm the presence
# of a username on the system (depending on home directory
# permissions).
#
UserDir disable
#
# To enable requests to /~user/ to serve the user's public_html
# directory, remove the "UserDir disable" line above, and uncomment
# the following line instead:
#
#UserDir public_html
</IfModule>
Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an example
for a site where these directories are restricted to read-only.
#<Directory /home/*/public_html>
AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec
<Limit GET POST OPTIONS>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Limit>
<LimitExcept GET POST OPTIONS>
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
</LimitExcept>
#</Directory>
DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
is requested.
The index.html.var file (a type-map) is used to deliver content-
negotiated documents. The MultiViews Option can be used for the
same purpose, but it is much slower.
DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var
AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory
for access control information. See also the AllowOverride directive.
AccessFileName .htaccess
The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
viewed by Web clients.
<Files ~ "^.ht">
Order allow,deny
Deny from all
</Files>
TypesConfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) is
to be found.
TypesConfig /etc/mime.types
DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document
if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.
If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is
a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications
or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to
keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are
text.
DefaultType text/plain
The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile
directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
<IfModule mod_mime_magic.c>
MIMEMagicFile /usr/share/magic.mime
MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
</IfModule>
HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses
e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).
The default is off because it’d be overall better for the net if people
had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that
each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the
nameserver.
HostnameLookups Off
ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
logged here. If you do define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
container, that host’s errors will be logged there and not here.
ErrorLog logs/error_log
LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
alert, emerg.
LogLevel warn
The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
a CustomLog directive (see below).
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t "%r" %>s %b "%{Referer}i" "%{User-Agent}i"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t "%r" %>s %b" common
LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer
LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent
The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>
container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you do
define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be
logged therein and not in this file.
CustomLog logs/access_log common
CustomLog logs/access_log combined
If you would like to have agent and referer logfiles, uncomment the
following directives.
#CustomLog logs/referer_log referer
#CustomLog logs/agent_log agent
If you prefer a single logfile with access, agent, and referer information
(Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
#CustomLog logs/access_log combined
Optionally add a line containing the server version and virtual host
name to server-generated pages (error documents, FTP directory listings,
mod_status and mod_info output etc., but not CGI generated documents).
Set to "EMail" to also include a mailto: link to the ServerAdmin.
Set to one of: On | Off | EMail
ServerSignature On
Aliases: Add here as many aliases as you need (with no limit). The format is
Alias fakename realname
Note that if you include a trailing / on fakename then the server will
require it to be present in the URL. So “/icons” isn’t aliased in this
example, only "/icons/". If the fakename is slash-terminated, then the
realname must also be slash terminated, and if the fakename omits the
trailing slash, the realname must also omit it.
We include the /icons/ alias for FancyIndexed directory listings. If you
do not use FancyIndexing, you may comment this out.
Alias /icons/ "/var/www/icons/"
<Directory "/var/www/icons">
Options Indexes MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
This should be changed to the ServerRoot/manual/. The alias provides
the manual, even if you choose to move your DocumentRoot. You may comment
this out if you do not care for the documentation.
Alias /manual "/var/www/manual"
<Directory "/var/www/manual">
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
<IfModule mod_dav_fs.c>
# Location of the WebDAV lock database.
DAVLockDB /var/lib/dav/lockdb
</IfModule>
ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.
ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
documents in the realname directory are treated as applications and
run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the client.
The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias directives as to
Alias.
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"
<IfModule mod_cgid.c>
Additional to mod_cgid.c settings, mod_cgid has Scriptsock <path>
for setting UNIX socket for communicating with cgid.
Scriptsock run/httpd.cgid
</IfModule>
"/var/www/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
<Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride None
Options None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
Redirect allows you to tell clients about documents which used to exist in
your server’s namespace, but do not anymore. This allows you to tell the
clients where to look for the relocated document.
Example:
Directives controlling the display of server-generated directory listings.
FancyIndexing is whether you want fancy directory indexing or standard.
VersionSort is whether files containing version numbers should be
compared in the natural way, so that `apache-1.3.9.tar’ is placed before
`apache-1.3.12.tar’.
IndexOptions FancyIndexing VersionSort NameWidth=*
AddIcon* directives tell the server which icon to show for different
files or filename extensions. These are only displayed for
FancyIndexed directories.
AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip
AddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/*
AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/*
AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/*
AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/*
AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exe
AddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqx
AddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tar
AddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .iv
AddIcon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zip
AddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .eps
AddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdf
AddIcon /icons/text.gif .txt
AddIcon /icons/c.gif .c
AddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .py
AddIcon /icons/f.gif .for
AddIcon /icons/dvi.gif .dvi
AddIcon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uu
AddIcon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tcl
AddIcon /icons/tex.gif .tex
AddIcon /icons/bomb.gif core
AddIcon /icons/back.gif …
AddIcon /icons/hand.right.gif README
AddIcon /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^
AddIcon /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^
DefaultIcon is which icon to show for files which do not have an icon
explicitly set.
DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gif
AddDescription allows you to place a short description after a file in
server-generated indexes. These are only displayed for FancyIndexed
directories.
Format: AddDescription "description" filename
#AddDescription "GZIP compressed document" .gz
#AddDescription "tar archive" .tar
#AddDescription "GZIP compressed tar archive" .tgz
ReadmeName is the name of the README file the server will look for by
default, and append to directory listings.
HeaderName is the name of a file which should be prepended to
directory indexes.
ReadmeName README.html
HeaderName HEADER.html
IndexIgnore is a set of filenames which directory indexing should ignore
and not include in the listing. Shell-style wildcarding is permitted.
IndexIgnore .??* ~ # HEADER README RCS CVS *,v *,t
AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers (Mosaic/X 2.1+) uncompress
information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
Despite the name similarity, the following Add* directives have nothing
to do with the FancyIndexing customization directives above.
AddEncoding x-compress Z
AddEncoding x-gzip gz tgz
DefaultLanguage and AddLanguage allows you to specify the language of
a document. You can then use content negotiation to give a browser a
file in a language the user can understand.
Specify a default language. This means that all data
going out without a specific language tag (see below) will
be marked with this one. You probably do NOT want to set
this unless you are sure it is correct for all cases.
* It is generally better to not mark a page as
* being a certain language than marking it with the wrong
* language!
DefaultLanguage nl
Note 1: The suffix does not have to be the same as the language
keyword — those with documents in Polish (whose net-standard
language code is pl) may wish to use "AddLanguage pl .po" to
avoid the ambiguity with the common suffix for perl scripts.
Note 2: The example entries below illustrate that in some cases
the two character ‘Language’ abbreviation is not identical to
the two character ‘Country’ code for its country,
E.g. ‘Danmark/dk’ versus ‘Danish/da’.
Note 3: In the case of ‘ltz’ we violate the RFC by using a three char
specifier. There is ‘work in progress’ to fix this and get
the reference data for rfc1766 cleaned up.
Danish (da) - Dutch (nl) - English (en) - Estonian (et)
French (fr) - German (de) - Greek-Modern (el)
Italian (it) - Norwegian (no) - Norwegian Nynorsk (nn) - Korean (kr)
Portugese (pt) - Luxembourgeois* (ltz)
Spanish (es) - Swedish (sv) - Catalan (ca) - Czech(cz)
Polish (pl) - Brazilian Portuguese (pt-br) - Japanese (ja)
Russian (ru) - Croatian (hr)
AddLanguage da .dk
AddLanguage nl .nl
AddLanguage en .en
AddLanguage et .et
AddLanguage fr .fr
AddLanguage de .de
AddLanguage he .he
AddLanguage el .el
AddLanguage it .it
AddLanguage ja .ja
AddLanguage pl .po
AddLanguage kr .kr
AddLanguage pt .pt
AddLanguage nn .nn
AddLanguage no .no
AddLanguage pt-br .pt-br
AddLanguage ltz .ltz
AddLanguage ca .ca
AddLanguage es .es
AddLanguage sv .se
AddLanguage cz .cz
AddLanguage ru .ru
AddLanguage tw .tw
AddLanguage zh-tw .tw
AddLanguage hr .hr
LanguagePriority allows you to give precedence to some languages
in case of a tie during content negotiation.
Just list the languages in decreasing order of preference. We have
more or less alphabetized them here. You probably want to change this.
LanguagePriority en da nl et fr de el it ja kr no pl pt pt-br ltz ca es sv tw
ForceLanguagePriority allows you to serve a result page rather than
MULTIPLE CHOICES (Prefer) [in case of a tie] or NOT ACCEPTABLE (Fallback)
[in case no accepted languages matched the available variants]
ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback
Specify a default charset for all pages sent out. This is
always a good idea and opens the door for future internationalisation
of your web site, should you ever want it. Specifying it as
a default does little harm; as the standard dictates that a page
is in iso-8859-1 (latin1) unless specified otherwise i.e. you
are merely stating the obvious. There are also some security
reasons in browsers, related to javascript and URL parsing
which encourage you to always set a default char set.
AddDefaultCharset ISO-8859-1
Commonly used filename extensions to character sets. You probably
want to avoid clashes with the language extensions, unless you
are good at carefully testing your setup after each change.
the official list of charset names and their respective RFCs
AddCharset ISO-8859-1 .iso8859-1 .latin1
AddCharset ISO-8859-2 .iso8859-2 .latin2 .cen
AddCharset ISO-8859-3 .iso8859-3 .latin3
AddCharset ISO-8859-4 .iso8859-4 .latin4
AddCharset ISO-8859-5 .iso8859-5 .latin5 .cyr .iso-ru
AddCharset ISO-8859-6 .iso8859-6 .latin6 .arb
AddCharset ISO-8859-7 .iso8859-7 .latin7 .grk
AddCharset ISO-8859-8 .iso8859-8 .latin8 .heb
AddCharset ISO-8859-9 .iso8859-9 .latin9 .trk
AddCharset ISO-2022-JP .iso2022-jp .jis
AddCharset ISO-2022-KR .iso2022-kr .kis
AddCharset ISO-2022-CN .iso2022-cn .cis
AddCharset Big5 .Big5 .big5
For russian, more than one charset is used (depends on client, mostly):
AddCharset WINDOWS-1251 .cp-1251 .win-1251
AddCharset CP866 .cp866
AddCharset KOI8-r .koi8-r .koi8-ru
AddCharset KOI8-ru .koi8-uk .ua
AddCharset ISO-10646-UCS-2 .ucs2
AddCharset ISO-10646-UCS-4 .ucs4
AddCharset UTF-8 .utf8
The set below does not map to a specific (iso) standard
but works on a fairly wide range of browsers. Note that
capitalization actually matters (it should not, but it
does for some browsers).
for a list of sorts. But browsers support few.
AddCharset GB2312 .gb2312 .gb
AddCharset utf-7 .utf7
AddCharset utf-8 .utf8
AddCharset big5 .big5 .b5
AddCharset EUC-TW .euc-tw
AddCharset EUC-JP .euc-jp
AddCharset EUC-KR .euc-kr
AddCharset shift_jis .sjis
AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
file mime.types for specific file types.
AddType application/x-tar .tgz
AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
or added with the Action directive (see below)
To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
(You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
#AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
For files that include their own HTTP headers:
#AddHandler send-as-is asis
For server-parsed imagemap files:
AddHandler imap-file map
For type maps (negotiated resources):
(This is enabled by default to allow the Apache "It Worked" page
to be distributed in multiple languages.)
AddHandler type-map var
Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
(You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
Action lets you define media types that will execute a script whenever
a matching file is called. This eliminates the need for repeated URL
pathnames for oft-used CGI file processors.
Format: Action media/type /cgi-script/location
Format: Action handler-name /cgi-script/location
Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
Putting this all together, we can Internationalize error responses.
We use Alias to redirect any /error/HTTP_<error>.html.var response to
our collection of by-error message multi-language collections. We use
includes to substitute the appropriate text.
You can modify the messages’ appearance without changing any of the
default HTTP_<error>.html.var files by adding the line;
Alias /error/include/ "/your/include/path/"
which allows you to create your own set of files by starting with the
/var/www/error/include/ files and
copying them to /your/include/path/, even on a per-VirtualHost basis.
Alias /error/ "/var/www/error/"
<IfModule mod_negotiation.c>
<IfModule mod_include.c>
<Directory "/var/www/error">
AllowOverride None
Options IncludesNoExec
AddOutputFilter Includes html
AddHandler type-map var
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
LanguagePriority en es de fr
ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback
</Directory>
ErrorDocument 400 /error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var
ErrorDocument 401 /error/HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED.html.var
ErrorDocument 403 /error/HTTP_FORBIDDEN.html.var
ErrorDocument 404 /error/HTTP_NOT_FOUND.html.var
ErrorDocument 405 /error/HTTP_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED.html.var
ErrorDocument 408 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_TIME_OUT.html.var
ErrorDocument 410 /error/HTTP_GONE.html.var
ErrorDocument 411 /error/HTTP_LENGTH_REQUIRED.html.var
ErrorDocument 412 /error/HTTP_PRECONDITION_FAILED.html.var
ErrorDocument 413 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE.html.var
ErrorDocument 414 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LARGE.html.var
ErrorDocument 415 /error/HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE.html.var
ErrorDocument 500 /error/HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.html.var
ErrorDocument 501 /error/HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED.html.var
ErrorDocument 502 /error/HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY.html.var
ErrorDocument 503 /error/HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE.html.var
ErrorDocument 506 /error/HTTP_VARIANT_ALSO_VARIES.html.var
</IfModule>
</IfModule>
The following directives modify normal HTTP response behavior to
handle known problems with browser implementations.
BrowserMatch "Mozilla/2" nokeepalive
BrowserMatch "MSIE 4.0b2;" nokeepalive downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
BrowserMatch "RealPlayer 4.0" force-response-1.0
BrowserMatch "Java/1.0" force-response-1.0
BrowserMatch "JDK/1.0" force-response-1.0
The following directive disables redirects on non-GET requests for
a directory that does not include the trailing slash. This fixes a
problem with Microsoft WebFolders which does not appropriately handle
redirects for folders with DAV methods.
BrowserMatch "Microsoft Data Access Internet Publishing Provider" redirect-carefully
BrowserMatch "^WebDrive" redirect-carefully
NameVirtualHost :80
NameVirtualHost :80
NameVirtualHost :80
Change the ".your-domain.com" to match your domain to enable.
#<Location /server-status>
SetHandler server-status
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from .your-domain.com
#</Location>
Allow remote server configuration reports, with the URL of
Change the ".your-domain.com" to match your domain to enable.
#<Location /server-info>
SetHandler server-info
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from .your-domain.com
#</Location>
Proxy Server directives. Uncomment the following lines to
enable the proxy server:
#<IfModule mod_proxy.c>
#ProxyRequests On
#<Proxy *>
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from .your-domain.com
#</Proxy>
Enable/disable the handling of HTTP/1.1 "Via:" headers.
("Full" adds the server version; "Block" removes all outgoing Via: headers)
Set to one of: Off | On | Full | Block
#ProxyVia On
To enable the cache as well, edit and uncomment the following lines:
(no cacheing without CacheRoot)
#CacheRoot "/etc/httpd/proxy"
#CacheSize 5
#CacheGcInterval 4
#CacheMaxExpire 24
#CacheLastModifiedFactor 0.1
#CacheDefaultExpire 1
#NoCache a-domain.com another-domain.edu joes.garage-sale.com
#</IfModule>
End of proxy directives.
Section 3: Virtual Hosts
VirtualHost: If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your
machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations
use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn’t need to worry about
IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below.
Please see the documentation at
for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts.
You may use the command line option ‘-S’ to verify your virtual host
configuration.
Use name-based virtual hosting.
#NameVirtualHost *
VirtualHost example:
Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container.
The first VirtualHost section is used for requests without a known
server name.
#<VirtualHost *>
DocumentRoot /www/docs/dummy-host.example.com
ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log
CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common
#</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost :80>
ServerName gencdemir.com
ServerAlias www.gencdemir.com
DocumentRoot /home/gencdemir.com/public_html
ErrorLog /home/gencdemir.com/logs/error_log
CustomLog /home/gencdemir.com/logs/access_log combined
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /home/gencdemir.com/cgi-bin/
DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php index.php4 index.php5
<Directory /home/gencdemir.com/public_html>
Options Indexes IncludesNOEXEC FollowSymLinks
allow from all
AllowOverride All
</Directory>
<Directory /home/gencdemir.com/cgi-bin>
allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
