/etc/mailname is the same than hostname, it’s the domain name I have issue sending emails with.
OK, so why don’t you change that?
The system hostname has nothing to do with spam scores. As long as you have a PTR record and it resolves both ways it does not matter what name it is. Your hostname does not gather reputation, the IP does (and only for some providers).
But, if you’re not virtually hosting mail for this domain on the server, it doesn’t really matter that much. You just need to configure postfix appropriately to not believe it’s supposed to receive mail for the domain.
But, /etc/mailname is not the system hostname. Changing /etc/mailname does not change the system hostname. It is, however, a requirement for making things work the way you want them to work (or a change in postfix to make it not pay attention to /etc/mailname, but /etc/mailname is for postfix to use to figure out what domain it receives mail for on Debian/Ubuntu systems, so just do the thing).
"The plain text file /etc/mailname is used by the Mail Transfer Agent (i.e. mail server) to know its own hostname. "
And this is exactly how it is on my system. mailname = hostname. Whenever I change my hostname it changes mailname.
So what should I put in mailname then ?
Different MTAs may define the hostname differently. 
Hello
I am now using server.mydomain.eu as hostname and I can send mail to any of my hosted domain.
But I still have issue where system sends mail to root@server.mydomain.eu, and this throw the error mail loops back to myself.
I also have another case, where bounce are sent to some-domain@server.mydomain.eu, with the same error.
I tried changing /etc/mailname from server.mydomain.eu to mail.mydomain.eu, but the error is still the same. I have no idea what I should put in mailname, or if it will change anything.
I also tried to set up postfix sender canonical mapping : root@server.mydomain.eu → logs@mydomain.eu, AND mail alias root → logs@mydomain.eu but it seems it does not rewrite the destination adress because it’s still sent to root@server.mydomain.eu which loops back to myself.
This error drives me crazy. I spent hours reading documentation and forum discussion about that, tried a lot of different settings, with no effect.
Is there a virtual entry for server.mydomain.eu? There should not be, if that’s the system hostname. Or, is it otherwise somehow configured as both a virtual and the system hostname?
Or does root have some kind of alias or virtual that could be causing the “loop”?
There is no virtual host for server.mydomain.eu
The alias are :
postmaster: root
# Webmin: root
root: logs@mydomain.eu
And sender canonical mapping :
# root
root@server.mydomain.eu logs@mydomain.eu
That’s all
Is server.mydomain.eu configured anywhere in main.cf?
No, it is not
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